Model tests have been performed for a selection of ship types, to find the values of added mass and added moment of inertia, and the effects of water depth, berth type and fender stiffness. The effect of shallow water is very strong, increasing the added mases and added moments of inertia several times at typical berthing depths. It is found that the concept of added mass in the context of berthing has limitations, due to the fact that it varies with the rate of change of velocity experienced. |